Protection and Switchgear is designed as a textbook for undergraduate students of electrical and electronics engineering. The book aims at introducing students to the various abnormal operating conditions in power systems, and the apparatus, system protection schemes, and the phenomena of current interruption, to study various switchgears.

The book describes in detail the protection principles of each element of the power system network. The details of relay design and relay settings have also been covered. Further, the book contains a wide coverage of digital-numerical relaying schemes,. Besides the relays, the book covers detailed theories of the circuit breaking phenomenon,. and the construction and working of switchgears.

The book is pedagogically rich with detailed relay and circuit diagrams, numerous solved examples, review questions, multiple choice questions, and numerical exercises in each chapter. At the end of the book, an additional chapter on recent developments in protective relays covers the application of artificial intelligence techniques in protective relays and discusses the concept of synchronized phasor measurements and wide area protection, along with other important topics

Contents

Chapter 1. Protective Relaying Fundamentals
Chapter 2. Current-based Relaying Scheme for Transmission Lines
Chapter 3. Pilot Independent Distance Relaying Scheme
Chapter 4. Pilot Relaying Scheme for Transmission Lines
Chapter 5. Generator Protection
Chapter 6. Transformer Protection
Chapter 7. Protection of Induction Motor
Chapter 8. Busbar Protection
Chapter 9. Current and Potential Transformers for Relaying Schemes
Chapter 10. Protection Against Transients and Surges
Chapter 11. Auto-reclosing and Synchronizing
Chapter 12. System Response to Severe Upsets
Chapter 13. Theory of Arc Interruption
Chapter 14. Types of Circuit Breakers and their Testing
Chapter 15. Testing, Commissioning, and Maintenance of Relays
Chapter 16. Recent Developments in Protective Relays
Chapter 17. Introduction to PSCAD