This book starts from the observation that, while pure general-purpose mobile ad hoc networks - MANETs - did not yet happened in the real world, the multi-hop Ad Hoc networking paradigm has been successfully applied in several classes of networks that are penetrating the mass market and are opening cutting edge research directions. This book covers all those classes, ranging from physical issues up to applications aspects. In particular, it will cover sensor, actuator and robot networking, mesh networks, delay tolerant and opportunistic networking and vehicular networks. The aim of the book is to review the classes of networks, which adopted a pragmatic approach to Hoc networking and that for this reason are penetrating the mass market.

Contents
Preface

Acknowledgments

Contributors



Part I General Issues

1 Multihop Ad Hoc Networking: The Evolutionary Path
1.1 Introduction

1.2 MANET Research: Major Achievements and Lessons Learned

1.3 Multihop Ad Hoc Networks: From Theory to Reality

1.4 Summary and Conclusions



2 Enabling Technologies and Standards for Mobile Multihop Wireless Networking
2.1 Introduction

2.2 Broadband Wireless Access Technologies

2.3 Wireless Local Area Networks Technologies

2.4 Personal Area Networks Technologies

2.5 Mobility Support in Heterogeneous Scenarios

2.6 Conclusions



3 Application Scenarios
3.1 Introduction

3.2 Military Applications

3.3 Network Connectivity

3.4 Wireless Sensor Networks

3.5 Search and Rescue

3.6 Vehicular Networks

3.7 Personal Content Dissemination

3.8 Conclusions



4 Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
4.1 Introduction

4.2 Wireless Sensor Networks

4.3 Unattended WSN

4.4 Wireless Mesh Networks

4.5 Delay-Tolerant Networks

4.6 Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

4.7 Conclusions and Open Research Issues



5 Architectural Solutions for End-User Mobility
5.1 Introduction

5.2 Mesh Networks

5.3 Wireless Sensor Networks

5.4 Conclusion



6 Experimental Work Versus Simulation in the Study of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
6.1 Introduction

6.2 Overview of Mobile Ad Hoc Network Simulation Tools and Experimental Platforms

6.3 Gap Between Simulations and Experiments: Issues and Factors

6.4 Good Simulations: Validation, Verification and Calibration

6.5 Simulators and Testbeds: Future Prospects

6.6 Conclusion



Part II Mesh Networking

7 Resource Optimization in Multi radio Multichannel Wireless Mesh Networks
7.1 Introduction

7.2 Network and Interference Models

7.3 Maximum Link Activation Under the SINR Model

7.4 Optimal Link Scheduling

7.5 Joint Routing and Scheduling

7.6 Dealing with Channel Assignment and Directional Antennas

7.7 Cooperative Networking

7.8 Concluding Remarks and Future Issues



8 Quality of Service in Mesh Networks
8.1 Introduction

8.2 QoS Definition

8.3 A Taxonomy of Existing QoS Routing Approaches

8.4 Routing Protocols with Optimization-Based Path Selection

8.5 Routing Metrics for Minimum-Weight Path Selection

8.6 Feedback-Based Path Selection

8.7 Conclusions



Part III Opportunistic Networking

9 Applications in Delay-Tolerant and Opportunistic Networks
9.1 Application Scenarios

9.2 Challenges for Applications Over DTN

9.3 Critical Mechanisms for DTN Applications

9.4 DTN Applications (Case Studies)

9.5 Conclusion: Rethinking Applications for DTNs



10 Mobility Models in Opportunistic Networks
10.1 Introduction

10.2 Contact-Based Measurement, Analysis and Modeling

10.3 Trajectory Models

10.4 Implications for Network Protocol Design

10.5 New Paradigm: Delay-Resource Tradeoffs



11 Opportunistic Routing
11.1 Introduction

11.2 Cornerstones of Opportunistic Networks

11.3 Dealing with Uncertainty: Redundancy-Based Routing

11.4 Capitalizing on Structure: Utility-Based Forwarding

11.5 Hybrid Solutions: Combining Redundancy and Utility

11.6 Conclusion



12 Data Dissemination in Opportunistic Networks

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Initial Ideas: PodNet

12.3 Social-Aware Schemes

12.4 Publish/Subscribe Schemes

12.5 Global Optimization

12.6 Infrastructure-Based Approaches

12.7 Approaches Inspired by Unstructured p2p Systems

12.8 Further Readings



13 Task Farming in Crowd Computing
13.1 Introduction

13.2 Ideal Parallelism Model

13.3 Task Farming

13.4 Socially Aware Task Farming

13.5 Related Work

13.6 Conclusions and Future Work



Part IV Vanet

14 A Taxonomy of Data Communication Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
14.1 Introduction

14.2 Taxonomy of VANET Communication Protocols

14.3 Reliability-Oriented Geocasting Protocols

14.4 Time-Critical Geocasting Protocols

14.5 Small-Scale Routing Protocols

14.6 Large-Scale Routing

14.7 Summary

14.8 Conclusion and Future Work



15 Mobility Models, Topology and Simulations in VANET
15.1 Introduction and Motivation

15.2 Mobility Models

15.3 Mobility Simulators

15.4 Integrated Simulators

15.5 Modeling Vehicular Communications

15.6 Analysis of Connectivity in Highways

15.7 Conclusion and Future Work



16 Experimental Work on VANET
16.1 Introduction

16.2 MIT CarTel

16.3 UMass Diesel Net

16.4 SJTU Shanghai Grid

16.5 NCTU VANET Testbed

16.6 UCLA CVeT

16.7 GM DSRC Fleet

16.8 Fleet Net Project

16.9 Network on Wheels (NOW) Project

16.10 Advanced Safety Vehicles (ASVs)

16.11 Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI)



17 MAC Protocols for VANET
17.1 Introduction

17.2 MAC Metrics

17.3 IEEE Standards for MAC Protocols for VANETs

17.4 Alternate MAC Protocols for VANET

17.5 Conclusion



18 Cognitive Radio Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Design, Implementation and Future Challenges

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Characteristics of Cognitive Radio Vehicular Networks

18.3 Applications of Cognitive Radio Vehicular Networks

18.4 CRV Network Architecture

18.5 Classification and Description of Existing Works on CRV Networks

18.6 Research Issues in CRVs

18.7 Conclusion



19 The Next Paradigm Shift: From Vehicular Networks to Vehicular Clouds
19.1 By Way of Motivation

19.2 The Vehicular Model

19.3 Vehicular Networks

19.4 Cloud Computing

19.5 Vehicular Clouds

19.6 How are Vehicular Clouds Different?

19.7 Feasible Instances of Vehicular Clouds

19.8 More Application Scenarios

19.9 Security and Privacy in Vehicular Clouds

19.10 Key Management

19.11 Research Challenges

19.12 Architectures for Vehicular Clouds

19.13 Resource Aggregation in Vehicular Clouds

19.14 A Simulation Study of VC

19.15 Future Work

19.16 Where to From Here?



Part V Sensor Networking

20 Wireless Sensor Networks with Energy Harvesting

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Node Platforms

20.3 Techniques of Energy Harvesting

20.4 Prediction Models

20.5 Protocols for EHWSNs



21 Robot-Assisted Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Applications and Future Challenges
21.1 Introduction

21.2 Robot-Assisted Sensor Placement

21.3 Robot-Assisted Sensor Relocation

21.4 Robot-Assisted Sensor Maintenance

21.5 Future Challenges



22 Underwater Networks with Limited Mobility: Algorithms, Systems and Experiments
22.1 Introduction

22.2 Related Work

22.3 Decentralized Control Algorithm

22.4 General System Architecture and Design

22.5 Application-Specific Architecture and Design

22.6 Experiments and Results

22.7 Conclusions



23 Advances in Underwater Acoustic Networking
23.1 Introduction

23.2 Communication Architecture

23.3 Basics of Underwater Communications

23.4 Physical Layer

23.5 Medium Access Control Layer

23.6 Network Layer

23.7 Cross-Layer Design

23.8 Experimental Platforms

23.9 UW-Buffalo: An Underwater Acoustic Testbed at the University at Buffalo

23.10 Conclusions



References

Index