Table of Contents
1. Wind Energy: A Way Out to Combat Climate Change by Public Awareness and Participation
Climate Change and Disasters
Global Efforts
India’s Initiatives
Development of Renewable Energy in India
Way Forward
Conclusion
References

2. Wind Energy: Nature’s Gift
Wind Power History
Wind Power: Advantages and Challenges
Trends in Wind Turbine Sizes and Technology
World Scenario
Indian Scenario
Conclusion
References

3. Basic Technology of Electric Power Generation from Wind
Electrical Output, Turbine Variants, and Interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary Design
Configurations of a Wind Turbine
Rotor
Power Curve
Betz’s Law
Regulation of Turbine Speed and Output
Generators
Gearbox
Bearing Arrangement
Lighting Protection and Safety
Braking System
Twisting of Cables
Protection Against Extreme Temperatures
Communication and Control
Supervisory Control and Condition Monitoring System
Conclusion
References

4. Suitable Sites
Wind Resource Assessment Programmes in India
Wind Monitoring Mast
Frequency Distribution
Wind Power Density Maps of India
Wind Data Sharing Policy 2017
Wind Power Potential of Site
Conclusion
References

5. Project Approvals, Government Incentives, and Finance Arrangement
Guidelines for Development of Onshore Wind Power Plants Approvals
Transition from Feed-in Tariff to Tariff-based Competitive Bidding
Changing the Business Scenario for Investors
Financial Institutions
Conclusion
References

6. Selection of Turbine and Energy Estimation
Technical Particulars
Wind Resource and Land Features
Roughness Classes and Lengths
Survey of India
Micro-siting of Turbines and Layout of a Wind Farm
Selection of Turbine and Energy Estimation
Forecasting and Scheduling
Methods of Wind Power Forecasting
Software Packages for Wind Power Development
Conclusion
References

7. Project Cost and Tariff
Total Project Cost
Operation and Maintenance Cos
Wind Energy Tariff
Conclusion
References

8. Project Implementation
Land Acquisition and Allotment
Approach Road and Internal Roads
Preparatory Civil Construction Works at Site
Tower Foundation: Loads on Tower and Types of Towers
Considerations for Cyclone-prone Areas
Considerations for Earthquake-resistant Design
Factory Acceptance Tests|
Transportation of Equipment to Site
Field Tests
Electric Power Flow from Wind Electric Generators to Main Grid
Sequence: Concept to Commissioning
Commissioning
Remote Monitoring
Documents and Records
Safety Aspects in Site Activities
Operation, Maintenance, and Checks/Inspection
Warranties/Guarantees and Insurance
Training of Staff
Security Staff
Conclusion
References

9. Grid Management
Development of Indian Power Grid
Challenges Imposed by Wind Energy in Transmission of Power
Large-scale Integration of Renewable Energy
Green Energy Corridor and Renewable Energy Management Centres
Conclusion
References

10. Role of Mnre , Niwe, State Nodal Agencies, and Regulatory Commissions
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
National Institute of Wind Energy
Wind Turbine Testing
State Nodal Agencies
Electricity Regulatory Commissions
Conclusion

11. Repowering of Old Wind Power Projects
Policy for Repowering of the Wind Power Projects
Repowering Opportunities
Challenges in Repowering
Layout of a Wind Farm with New Turbines
Cost Estimation
Benefits
Study of Muppandal Wind Farms for Repowering
Repowering Wind Power Projects in India
Repowering Wind Power Projects in Europe
Conclusion
References

12. Offshore Wind Power Development
Technology
Cost Economics
Global Scenario
India: Scope, Challenges, and Planning
Annexure
Conclusion
References

13. Grid-connected Wind–Solar PV Hybrid Systems
Policy Initiatives by Mnre for Large Wind–Solar Hybrid Systems
Layout of a Wind–Solar Hybrid Power Plant
Wind–Solar Pv Hybrid System
Large Capacity Wind–Solar Pv Hybrid Project
Indian Scenario
Small Wind–Solar Pv Hybrid Systems
Conclusion
References

14. Technology Advancement Including R&D
Emerging Technologies and Concepts
R&D Organizations
Organizations Engaged in Research of Airborne Turbines
High Rating Wind Electric Generators
Conclusion
References

15. Failures in Wind Turbines and Remedial Measures
Breakdowns or Forced Shutdowns
Failures and Their Cost
Failures, Causes, and Damages
Remedial Measures
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition and Condition Monitoring System
Conclusion
References

16. Important Facts and Figures
References
Appendix 1: List of Wind Turbine Models Issued by NIWE
Appendix 2: Wind Turbine Models Included in the RLMM After Declaration of New Procedure on 27 10 2016
Appendix 3: Standards of Wind Turbines
Appendix 4: Important Websites of Wind Power Organizations
Appendix 5: Transporters of Long and Heavy Equipment by Road in India
Appendix 6: Crane Hiring Agencies in India